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Chiropody Clinical Papers Set 1
 

 

Lecture given at the 1995 Convention of the SMAE Institute

 

Three years' experience with the Biogun and 37 years of points to ponder

 

by Clive Vernon, MSSCh, MBChA

 

T

his presentation will be a mainly subjective review of the use of the Dentron Biogun in over 200 patients with verrucae. I am not concerned with the scientific, physiological, or other technical theories as to how, or why the treatment works as nearly all chiropody treatment is carried out on a subjective basis. I decided that the double blind cross-over study was less important than a long term evaluation, as we assess the results of our treatments primarily on what we see, and what the patient says.

I have used the Biogun now for just over three years, which was the original model. Six months ago it was updated to twice the power and a more sophisticated skin contact system adopted, which also had the advantage of eliminating the possibility of static shock. I also use the Junior Pedigun for domiciliary purposes with equal effect.

Review of 200+ patients

I have used the Biogun for:

a)     Verruca

b)     Mosaic verrucae

c)     Hand warts

Modus operandi

Biogun alone - initially, I used the Biogun alone and although the results were impressive, the replacement tissue was invariably keratotic, and also necessitated 4-5 sessions due to the treatment being primarily topical. By using the Biogun in conjunction with a keratolytic, I have found that the average number of treatments is reduced to 2-3, with a follow-up 4-5 weeks later. So my modus operandi for all my patients now is:

Pare/abrade the verruca site. Subject the lesion to roughly three minutes with the Biogun, and then apply a thin film of Duofilm, or more recently I have been using Occlusal. The bottle of Duofilm etc is then given to the patient with strict instructions on how to apply to the verruca site each night prior to retiring, remembering to abrade the site first with an emery board for thirty seconds.

The next visit is arranged for within 5-10 days depending upon circumstances, where exactly the same procedure is carried out. At this stage I can usually make a prognosis as to the eventual outcome of the verruca, ie one more treatment plus follow-up, or the verruca is dead, but treatment will be required for the hard skin which is being generated. This usually seems to occur in verrucae of six months or more in age. The other occasion in which this hyperkeratotic reaction occurs is when the patient has one of the allergic conditions.

Hyperkeratosis and allergic conditions(asthma, eczema, hay fever)

These have been particularly noticed in young children where the verruca has been completely eradicated, yet pellets of hard skin replace the verruca mass. I have resorted to referring three children to the local dermatologist via their GPs, who have no explanation for the phenomena. I would like to think that someone with more time would like to study further this finding to see if there is a physiological connection. Any volunteers? Interestingly enough, these lesions suddenly and spontaneously disappear, when the brain seems to suddenly realise that no anatomical or physiological protection is required at the site!

The Biogun in epilepsy

The use of any electrical equipment in epileptics is virtually contraindicated due to the risk of inducing fits. However, I see a very large number of epileptics at St  Elizabeth's Home in Hertfordshire, and apart from verruca pedis, there were a number of patients with multiple hand warts. I had a very long discussion with Dr Thompson, the Chief Medical Officer of The National Epileptic Centre in Buckinghamshire, and it was decided that as the current used by the Biogun is so minute, and the application being topical and so far from the brain, it should be safe to use. After all, much higher currents are required direct to the brain to induce epileptiform seizures. Since that decision was taken I have treated eleven patients, one with multiple hand warts (36), successfully with the Biogun with no discomfort or side-effects at all. I would emphasise that all these treatments are carried out under clinical conditions with a trained nurse from St Elizabeth's in attendance. However, I do believe that this is not only the most effective method of treating these patients, but also the safest and least traumatic.

Influencing factors

a)     Conscientiousness of patients

b)     Correct diagnosis

c)     Early treatment

d)     Pain!

a)     The conscientiousness of patients in abrading, and applying the keratolytic on a daily basis is vital to aid the eradication of any hard skin etc.

b)     Correct diagnosis seems obvious, but even in the last year I have had three patients referred to me from GPs where verrucae were diagnosed as corns or callosities.

c)     Early treatment. - The sooner verrucae are recognised and treated the better the Prognosis. I tell all my patients that having had one verruca they must consider themselves a suitable host for the virus and that regular inspection of their feet is essential. At the first sign of a new verruca, start applying the Duofilm etc immediately and telephone me for an appointment to confirm. This early treatment is often all that is required and I do not have to resort to the Biogun. I find that children are brilliant at examining their own feet and discovering new lesions. On the subject of children, who are predominantly our verruca patients, do make their treatment fun! Make their trip to your surgery a visit to look forward to. I keep two squeaky glove puppets that inspect and help treat children, and although I do not use the 'bleep' counter on the Biogun for timing purposes, I find it a great distraction for the children to count 20-30 bleeps to time their length of treatment.

d)     Pain! This initially was my main bone of contention with the Biogun. It is not always a painless procedure, particularly when the probe passes over a nerve ending, or if the patient is hypersensitive to pain. However, as soon as the probe either moves on, or away from the sensitive site the pain ceases with no after effects. I usually operate to within 1/2-1cm from the surface. If it is necessary because of any discomfort to move the emitter further away from the site, then I usually double the treatment time.

Finally, I would like to return to the subject of correct diagnosis. I first qualified as a chiropodist in 1957, and since then there have been a number of occasions when I have been confronted with what appeared to be a 'burnt-out' plantar verruca. These were usually in older patients and had been there for anything up to twenty years. The lesion is usually vascular and paring produces minute capillary bleeding. Treatment with potential cautery, paring, abrading, cryosurgery, homeopathy, voodoo or witchcraft over the years makes new forms of treatment difficult to find. Since I have been using the Biogun, that is three years, I have had two such cases, which I believe is possibly the condition known as:

Porokeratosis - This is a skin condition characterised by hypertrophy of the stratum corneum, usually around sweat glands, and is followed by progressive and centrifugal atrophy. It could be that the porokeratosis could be triggered off by the verruca site not regenerating properly or, it is not porokeratosis and my hypothesis should be relegated to the waste paper basket! Most importantly, both cases responded to the Biogun, albeit after several sessions each at about four weeks apart.

So what has been the success rate?

Briefly -

207 patients

approximately 50/50 male-female split

3 patients did not complete treatment

204 cured - 100%


Which is why, after using every form of treatment for verrucae over the last 38 years, the Biogun is my first and only choice for treating these troublesome lesions.

 

The SMAE Journal, Winter 1995

 

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